Era has been used by the us armed forces for over 25 years. Jul 04, 2012 i am trying to understand the concept of electric reactive armour. While this results in slightly reduced performance compared to era, it does reduce the effects on the vehicle structure and the slera mod ules. Jan 12, 2016 the advanced kontakt5 explosive reactive armour on this t90s is arranged in pairs of plates, giving the turret its prominent triangular profile. Reactive armour explosive reactive armoran element of explosive reactive armor consists of a sheet or slab of high explosive sandwiched between two plates, typically metal, called the reactive or dynamic elements. While this results in slightly reduced performance compared to era, it does reduce the effects on. The advanced kontakt5 explosive reactive armour on this t90s is arranged in pairs of plates, giving the turret its prominent triangular profile. Explosive reactive and composite armour we are happy to introduce some new features of the next major update 1. The most common type is explosive reactive armour era, but variants include self.
In this design two rectangular metal plates, referred to as the reactive or dynamic elements, sandwich an interlayer of high explosive. Selflimiting explosive reactive armor slera places explosive materials in a configuration that limits the propagation of the explosive to a con trolled area. Explosive reactive armor era is usually composed of an explosive layer in between two metal plates, generally made of steel. Explosive reactive armour helps to defeat attack by high explosive anti tank heat warheads. The reactive armor may include a selfhealing outer layer, a ceramic tile layer and a backing layer. Explosive reactive armour works when an incoming shell detonates the explosive layer between the metal plates, forcing the plates to bulge. Active protection systems are similar to, but more advanced than, reactive armour.
A numerical study on the effect of explosive reactive. Am i correct in thinking that it basically has a detection system setup where it can monitor if an object passes between 2 plates, and if so unleashes a charge into a magnetic coil which is so strong that it induces an. However, the use of this type of armour on lightweight armoured vehicles lav is limited by two problems 1. Future armour materials and technologies for combat platforms. Abstract the deviations of the jet of a shaped charge or of the rod of a ke. Am i correct in thinking that it basically has a detection system setup where it can monitor if an object passes between 2 plates, and if so unleashes a charge into a magnetic coil which is so strong that it induces an electric charge in the object provided its made of something like copper, and that. Pdf effect of explosive reactive armour cover plate on. Development explosive reactive and composite armour. Pdf a numerical study using autodyn2d was made in order to examine how to reduce the effect of a rear flyer plate from an explosive reactive armour. Media in category reactive armour the following 32 files are in this category, out of 32 total. Explosive reactive armour era is an intelligent armour. Designed to explode outward and thus neutralize the explosive penetration of a shapedcharge warhead, reactive armour augmented any protection already provided by steel or. This involves covering parts of a vehicle with bricks of plastic explosives sandwiched between metal plates.
Reactive armor does not help ukrainian tanks dynamic protection in most cases does not work detached tower tank with quiescent explosive reactive armor at the end of the 1950s at the moscow research institute of steel under the leadership of bogdan wojciechowski developed the first examples of dynamic tank protection from the cumulative jet. Explosive reactive armour era developed by drdo and has mastered varieties of techniques in the areas of propellants, high explosives, pyrotechnics, polymers, etc. The other prototype system, non energetic reactive armor nera, utilizes the strain energy in compressed rubber to launch a front flyer plate into the path of an incoming projectile. Pdf a numerical study on the effect of explosive reactive armour. Reactive armour explosive reactive armor an element of explosive reactive armor consists of a sheet or slab of high explosive sandwiched between two plates, typically metal, called the reactive or dynamic elements. The jet disruption is realised, mainly, by the application of a force perpendicular to the jet when the plates of era sandwich are flying apart. An element of explosive reactive armour consists of a sheet or slab of high explosive sandwiched between two plates, typically metal, called the reactive or dynamic elements. Heat or chemical attack is the common type of warhead found on most anti tank missiles and launchers such as tow, rpg etc. The ceramic tiles may each define a hollow space in which the explosive material is deposited. The cassette is usually positioned at an oblique angle to the jet path. Explosive reactive armors era have been widely used as addonarmors against shaped charge jets and long rod armor piercing projectiles. Today may 8, 2020 us military fight china in the south china sea duration. Explosive reactive armour modules of cumulative action nozh knife are intended for use in reactive explosive protection systems reps of mobile or stationary objects against armorpiercing, hollowcharge shells, impactcumulative ammunition such as self forging fragments etc. The setup of nera is similar to that of era explosive reactive armor, the difference being that nera contains no or even less explosives between the two metal.
Explosive reactive armour era is used for protection of tanks against anti tank threats namely, high explosive anti tank heat and kinetic energy. Eurenco provides a wide range of reactive armour kits, applicable to main battle tanks mbt and armoured personnel carriers apc. I am trying to understand the concept of electric reactive armour. Explosive reactive armor counters penetrating threats by utilizing explosive energy to move armor elements into the path of the incoming shape charge. Military vehicles explosive reactive armour era,nexrearm. Drdo developed explosive reactive armour for t72 tanks. Understanding nonexplosive reactive armour defense. Some articles on explosive reactive armor, explosive, reactive, explosives.
A numerical study on the disturbance of explosive reactive. Era generally consists of an era sandwich and an outer steel cover to protect it from unintended initiation. The most common type is explosive reactive armour era, but variants include selflimiting explosive reactive armour slera, non. May, 2007 why are the leopard 2s turret cheeks hollow. Im sure you know explosive reactive armour era well enough, so i will not go on about the principal of how it works. It reduces the effects of the weapon systems with larger penetration capabilities like shaped charge jets much more compared to long rod.
This concept in reactive armor incorporates stateoftheart technology, while utilizing an insensitive, highenergy explosive. It is most effective in protecting against shaped charges and specially hardened kinetic energy penetrators. May 01, 2011 m3a2 ods operation desert storm bradley wera, explosive reactive armor reactive armours are a type of armour that reacts to the impact of a weapon to reduce the damage to the vehicle. Explosive reactive armor era is a common form of addon armor employed in many armored fighting vehicles afvs, such as tanks. Unlike other types of era, clara is designed to be fragmentation free. Explosive reactive armour era mkii is being developed by defence research and development organisation drdo and its aims to start the mass production of the era after transfer of technology tot to private defence. On attack by a penetrating weapon, the explosive detonates, forcibly driving the metal plates apart to damage the penetrator.
A schematic configuration of an explosive reactive cassette is presented in fig. Reactive armor tiles for army and marine corps armored. A detailed assessment of the requirements for ra tiles on army and marine. Ncc composites were suitable for slera selflimiting explosive reactive armour or nxra. When a warhead hits the outer metal plate, the explosives underneath also specially shaped detonate and force the sandwich to rapidly bulge as the plates.
Designed to explode outward and thus neutralize the explosive penetration of a shapedcharge warhead, reactive armour augmented any protection already. In compliance with the strom thurmond national defense authorization act for fiscal year 1999 hr report 105736. Kontakt5 is a type of secondgeneration explosive reactive armour era originating in the soviet union. Indian armys t72 tanks will soon be equipped with an indigenously developed protective covering to ensure safety from enemy tank fire. However, the use of this type of armour on lightweight. The deviations of the jet of a shaped charge or of the rod of a ke. Explosive reactive armor was originally modeled under the assumption that the plates in the cassettes were very thin. Nonenergetic reactive armor nera and semienergetic. Public law 105261 section 114, this study included. Comparison of explosive reactive armour against different threat.
The ceramic tile layer may include a plurality of ceramic tiles and explosive material. The israel defence forces, shaken by their losses during the yom kippur war, developed an early but effective explosivereactive armour that kept tank losses exceptionally light during the 1982 lebanon war. To provide added protection, engineers have developed explosive reactive armour. It is very effective in protecting against shaped charges and specially hardened long rod penetrators. Reactive armor protection general dynamics ordnance and. Procedures to store, transport, deploy, maintain and operate with reactive armor modules have been successfully developed and employed. Clara composite lightweight adaptable reactive armour is a german composite reactive armor, which has been developed by dynamit nobel defence a company that traces back its origin to alfred nobel, aka that guy from the nobel prize and inventor of the dynamite. A reactive armor arrangement consisting of two mutually parallel metal sheets with an interior sheet of incompressible formaldehyde compound.
Military vehicles explosive reactive armour era,nexrearm explosive reactive armour era,nexrearm is armour protection system able to significantly reduce penetration of shaped charge warheads and kinetic energy projectiles, thereby ensuring the nonperforation of the tank armour and protection of the crew. General dynamics ordnance and tactical systems in conjunction with rafael ordnance and protection division, has developed a nextgeneration reactive armor for application on the bradley fighting vehicle. It is the first type of era that is effectively able to defeat modern armour piercing finstabilized discarding sabot apfsds rounds. Revisiting the massflux model for explosive reactive. The number of reactive elements in panels on different locations is different, but size of reactive elements is same. Around 1969, a norwegian working for rafael by the name of dr. Manfred held discovered the driveplate explosive sandwich design which later became explosive reactive armour. This continuous consideration does not describe the non permanent event at all, as the plates pulsate or act iteratively especially against shaped charge jets. In such systems, the motion of the armour components are initiated by sensors that detect a threat approaching the target. Essentially it does the same as era, it deflects some of the kinetic energy of a ke penetrator and the effects of a heat round. Reactive armour is a type of vehicle armour that reacts in some way to the impact of a weapon to reduce the damage done to the vehicle being protected. Xray photographs of reactive armour plates driven by explosion.
The armour strikes back era explosivereactive armour. Explosive reactive armour era mkii is being developed by defence research and development organisation drdo and its aims to start the mass production of the era after transfer of technology tot to private defence manufacturers. Revisiting the massflux model for explosive reactive armor and. Development explosive reactive and composite armour news.
Explosively formed projectiles efps are used as antiarmour warheads, and their use in top attack antiarmour weapons is increasing. Quite some time ago when reading about new light and medium armoured vehicles i came across nera. Momentum theory of explosive reactive armours held 2001. Most era has a sandwich configuration consisting of a front plate, an interlayer explosive, and a rear plate. Revisiting the massflux model for explosive reactive armor. Pdf will an explosive reactive armour era fulfil its function through detonation of its explosive layer on being impacted by a projectile. Experimental and theoretical investigation of a model reactive. When rounds that could penetrate up to 400mm of armoured steel were invented, engineers had to find a new approach to tank protection. In the previous war thunder update, we introduced t80b, a top main battle tank of the ussrrussian tech tree.
When the threat is located, an armour component is thrown against the threat at some distance. Introduced on the t80u tank in 1985, kontakt5 is made up of bricks of explosive sandwiched between. Other articles where explosive reactive armour is discussed. Apr 28, 2016 the first type of explosive reactive armor adopted on a tank was blazer era. Development of era was altogether a new area, a challenging task. Eurenco provides a wide range of reactive armour kits, applicable to main battle tanks mbt and armoured personnel carriers apc the missions of armoured vehicles as defensive and interposition forces in urban operations make them vulnerable targets and require their enhanced protection. Experimental and theoretical investigation of a model. Interaction between highvelocity penetrators and moving. This can shear the armour piercing spike into bits, which are then less likely to pierce the underlying armour. Effect of explosive reactive armour cover plate on. The israel defence forces, shaken by their losses during the yom kippur war, developed an early but effective explosive reactive armour that kept tank losses exceptionally light during the 1982 lebanon war.
Each reactive element consisted of a three milimeter steel plate, a three milimeter thick layer of explosives and a further three milimeter thick steel plate. Momentum theory of explosive reactive armours held. Composite lightweight adaptable reactive armor products. Explosive reactive armour era is an addon armour designed to offer additional protection to tanks. Explosive reactive armour era is used to protect the armoured vehicles against chemical energy warheads and longrod penetrators. The bulging interferes with the flight path of the projectile thereby eroding its forward momentum while imparting an irregular angular rotation to the projectile as seen in the highspeed photos below. It reduces the effects of the weapon systems with larger penetration capabilities like shaped charge jets. Upon impact with a hollow jet explosive charge, the incompressible layer causes the outer metal sheets to push outwardly into the path of the hollow jet explosive charge. A numerical study on the effect of explosive reactive armour. Its low cost, reliability, availability of production. Other new armor concepts such as nonexplosive reactive armor, hybrid electricreactive armor, intelligent dynamic armor and electromagnetic armors are some of. The disturbance of explosive reactive armors on jet penetration was studied in this paper. The methodology for the system integration of adaptive resilience msiar builds on prior design approaches and paradigms such as axiomatic, allocated design, setbased design, as well as aspects of modelbased systems engineering mbse, and tradespace analysis to mitigate the consequences of uncertainty in the systems functional design.
Oct 25, 2009 im sure you know explosive reactive armour era well enough, so i will not go on about the principal of how it works. Explosive reactive armour era ias preparation online. Blazer used a rather primitve construction using one reactive element per tile. Other new armor concepts such as non explosive reactive armor, hybrid electric reactive armor, intelligent dynamic armor and electromagnetic armors are some of the promising protection systems for.
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